Post-edit: This is good general information for all users posting about technical issues in this forum.
To get answers in this forum post a new thread for each issue with a descriptive title and enough detailed information that someone else has something with which to problem solve the issue. Using internet search can help to discover what information to provide. Like this for the Windows not recognized issue:
Using Startpage for search and this for search term “Linux windows partition is not found” the first entry I found is:
fix-ubuntu-not-detecting-windows-10-partition-during-install
While the article references Ubuntu everything in it is pretty generic to most Linux distros.
As far as the scanner issue we don’t even know what software you are using that does that. Here Skanlite does not require a root password for scanning. Try doing an internet search of something like “Linux <some_scanner_software> requires root password”. Be creative and think up other search terms if needed.
Again using Startpage and search term “Linux scanner requires root password” the first entry I find is:
scanning-only-works-under-sudo-ubuntu
In both cases above I publish a link to very first article listed. However don’t make the mistake of only looking at first few articles listed or the first page only. You keep looking and if necessary changing search term until you find answers that fit your issue.
Don’t be surprised that a lot of the first articles you will see reference Unbuntu or other popular distros. That does not mean these are not valid answers to a lot of issues with Linux operating systems in general. I find a lot of answers in documentation for Fedora, and Arch LInux as well as (Gasp!!!) Ubuntu. YMMV.